Peran Net Interest Margin dalam Memediasi Non Performing Loan, Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional, dan Loan to Deposit Ratio Terhadap ROA Pada Bank Umum di BEI

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO), and the Loan-to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on Return on Assets (ROA), with Net Interest Margin (NIM) serving as a mediating variable. The study employed a quantitative approach using purposive sampling, with a sample of 115 observations obtained from banking institutions that met the research criteria. Data were analyzed using path analysis and the Sobel test to examine both direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The results indicate that NPL and BOPO have significant effects on ROA, whereas LDR does not have a significant effect on ROA. The mediation analysis reveals that NIM is unable to mediate the effects of NPL and BOPO on ROA. However, NIM is found to successfully mediate the relationship between LDR and ROA. These findings suggest that bank profitability is primarily influenced by credit quality and operational efficiency, while the effectiveness of the banking intermediation function in enhancing profitability requires the optimization of net interest margins to improve financial performance.