Gen Z at Work: A Bibliometric Exploration of Work Ethics and Engagement

Abstract

This study investigates Generation Z’s work behavior through a bibliometric analysis focusing on work ethic and work engagement. As the youngest generation entering the workforce, Generation Z exhibits distinctive values shaped by digitalization, social change, and evolving expectations regarding work–life balance, meaningful employment, and psychological well-being. These characteristics challenge traditional organizational practices and call for a systematic understanding of existing scholarly discourse. Using a bibliometric approach, this study maps the intellectual structure, publication trends, and thematic evolution of research related to Generation Z, work ethic, and work engagement. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database using the Publish or Perish application, covering publications from 2020 to 2025. After a rigorous screening process, 76 relevant articles were analyzed using VOSviewer to examine co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic clustering. The findings reveal that work ethic and work engagement are central themes closely linked to innovative work behavior, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Emerging topics such as quiet quitting, psychological well-being, digital work models, and flexible work arrangements indicate shifting concerns regarding Generation Z’s motivation and retention. Overlay and density visualizations further demonstrate a transition in research focus from career expectations and digital adaptation toward engagement, disengagement, and innovation in recent years. This study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive overview of research trends and identifying underexplored areas for future investigation. Practically, the findings offer valuable insights for organizations in designing adaptive human resource strategies aligned with Generation Z’s values, ultimately supporting sustainable engagement, innovation, and workforce stability.